A Tale of Two Cities - a novel about the devotion of a family - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1822 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: A Tale of Two Cities Essay Did you like this example? One of the most well-known books is A Tale of Two Cities. A novel that tells the devotion of a family while England and France are in a major war. There are many elements to this story, including the plot, characters, and quotes, and this storys elements are very different than other stories. The plot is one of the essential things to a story, and this story is no exception. Our story starts out in 1775. We find Mr. Lorry, a businessman, with a young woman, Lucie, going to free a prisoner with no crime over his head. The prisoner, whose name is Doctor Manette, and is also Lucies father, has been held in France for the past 18 years. When they go to free him, they dont meet Doctor Manette though, in his place is a broken man who makes shoes. They head back to France with the broken Doctor Manette. Five years later, we head off to a trial, the trial of Mr. Charles Darnay, who is thought to be a spy. Miss Lucie and Doctor Manette are key witnesses in this case, and we see that the Doctor is no longer as broken as he was. During the trial, however, they reveal how Charles has a look-alike stranger, Mr. Sydney Carton. Darnay is called innocent. Both Carton and Darnay have taken a liking to Miss Lucie. Later on, Charles Darnay actually does marry Lucie. On their wedding day, C harles has a long talk with Doctor Manette about his life before he came to England. He is actually Charles Evremondes and is apart of a rich family in France. But as it turns out, the rest of his family are jerks. The Doctor decides that Charles is not like the rest of his family. France is not doing too great. Charles uncle, the Marquis, has been stabbed in the night and is dead. The Marquis though has made a lot of enemies. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Tale of Two Cities a novel about the devotion of a family" essay for you Create order So many enemies in fact, that the caretaker of the mansion has been arrested and put in prison. Charles receives a letter from this caretaker as he asks Charles to come and witness to his trial, so without telling his wife or father-in-law, he heads off to France. His timing couldnt have been worse, as the revolution is happening. When he gets to France, he has been taken prisoner. Luckily, his favorite family is to the rescue. It takes a long time, but the Doctor does free Charles. Sadly though, the same night he is released, he is arrested again. The next day, a trial is held, a man named Defarge, the leader of the rebellion, produces a letter that Doctor Manette wrote when he was in his prison cell, depicting why he was arrested. His letter contains a tale of death, rape, and horrible human beings, these horrible human beings were Charles father and uncle. The Jury decides to kill Charles for his fathers crimes. The night before he is executed, Sydney Carton, Charles look alike st ranger, shows up and takes Charles place. He wants to die for Charles, so Charles can live a long life with his wife and daughter. The next day, Sydney dies by the guillotine, as he says that it is the best action he has ever taken. This plot is exciting, adventures and amazing for its time. Characters are also very significant to the story. Two significant characters are Doctor Manette and Lucie. Doctor Manette is an outstanding guy, especially considering all the hardships in his life. He was a prisoner for a long 18 years. He became a broken man as he started making shoes to keep himself sane. His daughter pieced him back together. We soon see that he is just an overall good guy. The night before Lucies wedding, she has set out a time just for the two of them to sit and talk. She is worried that he will suffer from her marriage, but he says to her. My future is far brighter, Lucie, seen through your marriage than it could have been than it ever was without it Believe it love! Indeed it is so. Consider how natural and how plain it is, my dear, that it should be so. You, devoted and young, cannot freely appreciate the anxiety I have felt that your life should not be wasted-wasted my child- should not be wasted, struck aside from the natural order of things, for my sake. Your unselfishness cannot entirely comprehend how much my mind has gone to this but only ask yourself, how could my happiness be perfect, while yours was incomplete?' There is no question that he only wants what is best for his child, even if its not the best for him. But the fact that he is selfless isnt what makes him a good character in my mind, but that he is still haunted by his imprisonment. Whenever times get hard, he goes straight to his old ways and starts making shoes. He copes with his feelings this way because he doesnt know how to do anything else. He goes into this trance that he used have during his prison time. But he wouldnt have made it out of this trance if it wasnt for his daughter, Lucie Manette. She was the golden thread that united him to a Past beyond his misery, and to a Present beyond his misery. Lucie always has her fathers best interest in mind. She wants to make sure that he is doing well, is happy, and that he isnt troubled by the choices she makes. She is selfless, just like her father, and she loves people so much. She just about faints when they call her husband to the guillotine but pulls herself together because she wants to be there for Charles. Lucie and Doctor Manette go hand in hand and are two of the most important characters in Tale Of Two Cities. One thing every book needs are good quotes. I think there are two outstanding quotes in this story. In the first quote, Doctor Manette has just come out of a depressed state, which he went to making shoes on his workbench. His friend, Mr. Lorry is asking him to explain why this experience might have happened. You see, said Doctor Manette, turning to him after an uneasy pause, it is very hard to explain, consistently, the innermost workings of this poor mans mind. He once yearned so frightfully for that occupation, and it was so welcome when it came; no doubt it relieved his pain so much, by substituting the perplexity of the fingers for the perplexity of the brain, and by substituting, as he became more practiced, the ingenuity of the hands, for the ingenuity of the mental torture; that he has never been able to bear the thought of putting it quite out of his reach. Even now, when I believe he is more hopeful of himself than he has ever been, and even speaks of himself with a kind of confidence, the idea that he might need th at old employment, and not find it, gives him a sudden sense of terror, like that which one may fancy strikes to the heart of a lost child.' (Page 201.) This is talking about how Doctor Manette deals with pain, he uses his hands to create something new, in his case, shoes. He wants to keep his workbench by him just in case he might need it whenever that pain comes to him. It frightens him to think about what he would do if he didnt have that workbench to help him release his feelings and thoughts. I love the analogy of this quote as those who have had this experience understand, while those who havent experienced it simply dont. Another quote that is incredibly descriptive talks about one of the ways the French used to kill people for their crimes, the Guillotine. Above all, one hideous figure grew as familiar as if it had been before the general gaze from the foundations of the worldthe figure of the sharp female called La Guillotine. It was the popular theme for jests; it was the best cure for a headache, it infallibly prevented the hair from turning grey, it imparted a peculiar delicacy to the complexion, it was the National Razor which shaved close: who kissed La Guillotine, looked through the little window and sneezed into the sack. It was the sign of the regeneration of the human race. It superseded the Cross. Models of it were worn on breasts from which the Cross was discarded, and it was bowed down to and believed in where the Cross was denied. It sheared off heads so many, that it, and the ground it most polluted, were a rotten red. It was taken to pieces, like a toy-puzzle for a young Devil, and was put together again when the occasion wanted it. It hushed the eloquent, struck down the powerful, abolished the beautiful and good. Twenty-two friends of high public mark, twenty-one living and one dead, it had lopped the heads off, in one morning, in as many minutes. The name of the strong man of Old Scripture had descended to the chief functionary who worked it; but, so armed, he was stronger than his namesake, and blinder, and tore away the gates of Gods own Temple every day. (Page 272.) I love how it says that it is like a toy-puzzle for a young devil, who might take it apart for a while, meaning he doesnt use it, or he might play with it every day, meaning he u ses it a lot. It explains how people thought that God had abandoned them. Another fascinating part to me is that if you didnt know what the Guillotine was, then you had no clue how it stopped peoples hairs from turning gray, was the best cure for a headache or was a razor that shaved close. These two quotes describe something in a way no one would expect it, which is why they are my favorite quotes. Everyones opinion matters and everyone has a different opinion.My opinion is that I would recommend A Tale of Two Cities. It is a novel bursting with action, romance, plot twists and lessons I think everyone should learn. But if you are lucky enough to read and understand A Tale of Two Cities, I think you will be very impressed and delighted by the story. There are key points that every book must have like plot, characters, quotes and how people see the book/recommend it. A Tale of Two Cities is bursting at the seams with so many different aspects, including romance, action, deep characters, and even deep quotes. So let me ask you, what other books have you read that carry the same complexity, same detailed plot and characters, and the same thought-provoking quotes as A Tale of Two Cities?

Traditional Research Methods Of Quantitative And...

Traditional research methods consist of implementing quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research utilizes statistical analysis by breaking down components of observation that are compared to other elements (Bergman, M. M., 2008). Qualitative research focuses on investigating the participant’s range of behavior, usually with small groups, which results in descriptive analysis (Bergman M. M., 2008). Mixed method research involves using Qualitative research and Quantitative research designs. The advantage of using both is to utilize the strength of each type in order to produce an outcome that is most beneficial to the area of study (Bergman, M. M., 2008). The challenge with mixed method research in integrating the results of both Qualitative and Quantitative results in order to present unbiased scientific results that are worthy of discussion (Bergman, M. M., 2008). Action research is a practical or real-world approach to a profession inquiry in a social setting. Educational professionals may use this approach to evaluate an existing teaching method or review a new method that may be considered for use in the classroom. Action research can be implemented using mixed methods and conducted my an individual or in collaboration with other professionals. Inclusive Physical Education embraces the needs of students with physical impairments and includes them in the physical education curriculum (Goodwin, 2000). The research on students with physicalShow MoreRelatedThe Three Methods Of Research1201 Words   |  5 Pagesthe three methods of research to include qualitative, quantitative and mixed, (Creswell, 2014). Qualitative research provides the life story through narration, so we are able to identify and understand the human and social situation, (Creswell, 2014). Quantitative research focuses on the statistics, to include analyzing experimental data or survey outcomes, (Creswell, 2014). This method establishes the numeric aspects of research. 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Nursing For Refugees Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Nursing For Refugees. Answer: Introduction: The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has provided and estimation that about 60 million individuals worldwide are currently displaced. This number is more than at any time since the World War II. About 60,000 refugees have settled in Australia since then. About 12,000 people who are getting visas to Australia, 40 percent stay in New South Wales (Fozder Hartley, 2013). Recent data suggests that treatment provided by the government towards these refugees is inhuman as they face discrimination and stigmatization from Australians. They also face different barriers whole accessing healthcare form Australian health services. They report will mainly portray the issues that refugees face when they try to access Australian services. It would also show how nursing professionals can develop their situation and make them lead better quality lives. Issues faced by Refugees: Most of the refugees who seek shelter in Australia are victims of a number of different circumstances such as wars, rapes, traumatic events which involve prolonged periods of deprivation, human rights abuses as well as loss of identity and cultures, loss of family members and many others. It has been seen that refugee camps or marginalization in the different urban settings in Australia fail to provide basic resources as well as services (Sampson, 2015). These involve lack of proper safe drinking water, basic health care required for healthy living, conductance for education, safety and adequate food supplies and many others. Harmful diseases like malaria and others also take place. These often lead to different types of mental health issues as well as physical problems. Psychological trauma, deprivation, prolonged poverty, inaccessibility to health care services and many others lead to pathetic life conditions and serious degradation in living a quality lives. Reports suggested by t he esteemed daily The guardian on Monday 12th June in the year 2017 states that the police of the NARAU region of Australia are having inhumanly treating on the refugees including children (Doherty, 2017). Hence, this type of treatment form the hosting country is not acceptable and is hence investigated by the central government. In such a scenario, when all the stakeholders of humanity are not acting their parts, it becomes the duty of the healthcare professionals to exhibit their duties and responsibilities and take into hands the interventions that can assure them of safe and quality lives. The Australian College of Nursing had been responsible enough to have committed to the protection as well as proper caring for the wealth, health and dignity of the refugees who took shelter in Australia. It is very important for the health care professionals to provide quality holistic care that should incorporate illness prevention and also health promotion maintaining the dignity of such individuals at the same time (Betancourt et al., 2015). It is very important for the nurses to develop a comprehensive care plan for such individuals who would be irrespective of visa status and whether the refugee seekers are residing on shore as well as off shore. As the refugees come from various countries and hence believe in different religions, castes and cultures, it is extremely important for the healthcare providers to respect their cultural diversity. It is important for the healthcare professionals to develop an understanding of the different cultural diversity and hence modify their interventions and care plan in way which would help to maintain their dignity and autonomy and at the same time the interventions would respect their culture and bring good to their health at the same time. one of the most important code of ethics state that one should maintain the dignity and autonomy of individuals seeking for healthcare services and hence it is important to provide respect to such individuals dignity for the common good and exhibit traits of humanity (Philips et al., 2017). As known from several reports, that the condition of the refuges in Australia is deteriorating day by day as they are getting more vulnerable to dehumanization and also different types of its consequences. Stigmatization, discrimination as well as exclusion are the three different types of ill treatments which are degrading their quality lives. Therefore, it is assumed that the nursing profession has the moral obligation to protect such refugees and their human rights which includes their right to healthcare also. Not only that it is also distressing to hear that even children were not relieved form holding at detention in the different detention immigration centers. Hence it becomes the duty of the healthcare professionals and also the governing bodies of nursing professionals to come forward and help in the development of an organization that would help in prevention as well as preservation of their physical as well as mental health (DeCrispingy et al., 201). Australian college of nursing has tried to make it sure that the government should be careful for the fact that any of the governmental regulations and rules that are revolving around refugees and nurses in their regards should never intervene or interrupt the nursing code of ethics (2013a) and also Code of professional conduct (2013b) published by the NMBA. It has been clearly understood now that such policy of the non interference is to be followed if protection as well as the quality of the care is ensured by the nursing professionals (Polonsky et al., 2017). Nurse should also follow the principle of justice for the common good of all the populations of the nation which would also include such refugees and asylum seekers. By this principle, the nurse should ensure that the care which is to be provided to refuges should not be discriminated by caste, creed, religion, ethnicity, culture and others. Often nurses treating such individuals have to handle environments of medical, cultural as well as social complexities as they exhibit many unfamiliar diseases profiles. Therefore nurses who work in these situations should be sure that they get access to education which would help them in addressing the specific health, social as well as the cultural needs of refugees and also their complex diseases conditions. They should constantly attend workshops in order to develop their competency, skill and capabilities and also stay updated with modern evidence based treatments and others (Joshi et al., 2013). From the entire discussion, it becomes evident that providing dignity followed by addressing the health needs and sufferings of different refuge individuals are the first two steps that deliver quality family nursing care. Nurses would try to follow the principle of justice, beneficence, autonomy and dignity to ensure fostering of resilience of the individuals as they adjust to acculturation and resettlement. They need to critically analyze the situations which are degrading the lives of such individuals and then develop an environment that will have all the necessities ensuring betterment of their health. Proper assistance to such individuals, developing plan of care according to their cultures, reducing the discrimination, stigmatization and exclusion thorough healthy programs and similar others are necessary. Moreover nurses should continuously upgrade their skills according to evidence based treatments to ensure that the complex diseases faced by them can be treated with care. References: Betancourt, T., Frounfelker, R., Mishra, T., Hussein, A., Falzarano, R. (2015). Addressing health disparities in the mental health of refugee children through community based participatory research: A study in two communities.American Journal of Public Health,105(S3), S475-S482. De Crespigny, C., Grnkjr, M., Liu, D., Moss, J., Cairney, I., Procter, N., ... King, R. (2015). Service provider barriers to treatment and care for people with mental health and alcohol and other drug comorbidity in a metropolitan region of South Australia.Advances in Dual Diagnosis,8(3), 120-128. Doherty, B. (2017).UN official says Australia responsible for 'inhuman' treatment of asylum seekers. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/jun/12/un-official-says-australia-responsible-for-inhuman-treatment-of-asylum-seekers [Accessed 22 Jul. 2017]. Fozdar, F., Hartley, L. (2013). Refugee resettlement in Australia: What we know and need to know.Refugee Survey Quarterly,32(3), 23-51. Joshi, C., Russell, G., Cheng, I. H., Kay, M., Pottie, K., Alston, M., ... Wahidi, S. S. (2013). A narrative synthesis of the impact of primary health care delivery models for refugees in resettlement countries on access, quality and coordination.International journal for equity in health,12(1), 88. Phillips, C., Phillips, C., Hall, S., Hall, S., Elmitt, N., Elmitt, N., ... Douglas, K. (2017). People-centred integration in a refugee primary care service: a complex adaptive systems perspective.Journal of Integrated Care,25(1), 26-38. Polonsky, M. J., Ferdous, A. S., Renzaho, A. M., Waters, N., McQuilten, Z. (2017). Factors Leading to Health Care Exclusion among African Refugees in Australia: The Case of Blood Donation.Journal of Public Policy Marketing. Sampson, R. C. (2015). Caring, contributing, capacity building: Navigating contradictory narratives of refugee settlement in Australia.Journal of Refugee Studies,29(1), 98-116.

Crimes Crime and Robert K. Merton free essay sample

Many researchers agree that, in the United States, most arrests for street crime involve people of lower class position. Why, according to Robert K. Morton, Albert Cohen, Walter Miller, and Elijah Anderson, would this be the case? How would a broader definition of crime (to include more white-collar and corporate offenses) change the profile of the typical criminal? Robert Morton, Albert Coalman, Walter Miller, and Elijah Anderson all agree that people of lower class commit most street crimes, because they are limited in their means to achieve their cultural goal of financial success.They lack proper schooling parental guidance and Job opportunities that are available in upper class societies. Therefore, they cannot conform to the conventional means by which to achieve the Cultural goal of getting rich so they use unconventional means, Selling drugs and thievery, which means Jail time. Albert Cohen who was a student of Morton believes that In many urban cycles youths rate sub-cultures. We will write a custom essay sample on Crimes: Crime and Robert K. Merton or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Groups of youths that Is determined by who Is feared more on the streets.They are delinquents who act out on Impulse and do not think of what consequences there actions will bring and who are only loyal to themselves. Walter Miller lends into the theory of delinquency by defining it as having a need for excitement and a search for thrills. These ties in to Elijah Anderson who believes that Jail is very likely for youths that adopt a Street Code which means to stand up and be able to take care of ones self by any means necessary.A broader definition of crime to include more white-collar and corporate offences will not change the profile of the typical criminal because society has a wide range of definitions for the behavior and actions of criminals. The definitions of crimes however should include the Social Status of a person and or group with legitimate reasons or circumstances for committing that crime.

10 Best Formats for your Company History Book - The Writers For Hire

10 BEST FORMATS FOR YOUR COMPANY HISTORY BOOK Given all that goes into starting and successfully running a business, chances are that your company has a story to tell. Have you been tasked with sharing it? Maybe you have a milestone anniversary to celebrate, a legacy to preserve, or a great brand origin to share. Whatever the reasons, if youve thought about chronicling your company history, you may have discovered there are several styles and formats to consider. If you don’t know where to begin, here are 10 company history books to get your creative juices flowing: 1.Beyond the Pale – The Story of Sierra Nevada Brewing Co. Ken Grossman’s memoir chronicles his personal experience as a homebrewer turned mega-successful craft brewer. In some 250 pages, Grossman shares not only his adventures and anecdotes but also the approach and mindset that built his brand. The book also contains a section of full-color photography depicting his journey, serving as a well-done combination of memoir and illustrative history. 2.Kaufman Fruit 100th Anniversary Book In this 145-page history, the Kaufman family includes a wide variety of family and product photographs, more than 50 fruit recipes, and stories based on 30 interviews – a style to consider if your family business has interesting anecdotes to share. 3.Anadarko 20th Anniversary Book This 165-page company history may look standard at first glance, but what stands out is the use of large, high-end photography, sometimes spanning a page or a full spread, as well as the incorporation of employees, past and present. If you have a strong culture and/or strong company imagery, this may be a style to consider for your book. 4.Behind the Cloud – The Salesforce.com Memoir Written by the founder of Salesforce.com, this memoir reads like nothing else on our list. In fact, it’s more like a playbook on how the startup became one of the worlds fastest-growing software companies. If sharing industry or entrepreneurial knowledge is more your thing, this may be the history book style for your company. 5.The Cullen Way – J.P. Cullen 125th Anniversary Book Family owned businesses and construction companies will want to consider this corporate history commissioned by three brothers in honor of their late father. In 155 pages, the book highlights the company’s construction project portfolio, a family tree, and a history that not only chronicles the business but also the family, dating back to the 1800s. 6.Aerojet 100th Anniversary Book If the l ength and level of detail of some anniversary books make you shy away from the idea, take a look at Aerojet’s concise compilation of history and photos in just 45 pages. Bulleted copy and a timeline make the book easy to comb through, and there is no shortage of imagery, from products to personal photographs, to advertisements and newspaper clippings over the years. 7.Korte Company 50th Anniversary Book If your company history archives include plenty of tangible mementos, consider a scrapbook-style chronicle. For this 145-page book, everything from drawings and floorplans, to newspaper clippings, to hand-written notes were scanned in and used to illustrate a 50-year history. 8.Godiva 90th Anniversary Coffee Table Book As you might expect, Godiva Chocolate’s anniversary book is a decadent journey through the company’s craftsmanship over the years. Unlike many of the others on our list, this one takes a coffee-table-book approach, full of attractive product p hotos and pitched as the perfect gift for chocolate lovers – an angle to consider if you have an aesthetically pleasing product or service (think architecture, food, fashion, travel). 9.Black Hills Corporation 125th Anniversary Book This 200-page company history includes a nice balance of text and imagery, but unlike some of the other books featured here, its design relies heavily on the energy company’s corporate colors – a great example of what can be done through graphic design should your business be lacking on photography. 10.Wild Company: The Untold Story of Banana Republic In this memoir penned by the founders of retail great Banana Republic, husband-and-wife team Mel and Patricia Ziegler write in alternating voices to tell their remarkable story. The nearly 100-page book is filled mostly with text supplemented by black-and-white photography and artist illustrations. Said by reviewers to read like fiction, this book may be a good example for companie s with a charismatic voice and a surprising story to inspire entrepreneurial success.

Frankenstein Monster Essay

Frankenstein Monster Essay Frankenstein: Monster Essay ïÆ'Ëœ It is by fate rather than fortune that Victor Frankenstein so young in age is mentally scarred by the death of his mother forever resulting to a rapid imagination of a monster. For the sake of his own sanity, Victor expands his passion of knowledge by creating a monster within. ïÆ'Ëœ He secretly reveals himself as the monster by proclaiming self-accusations. â€Å"my own spirit let loose from the grave† (78). â€Å"I called myself the murder..† (181) â€Å"I murdered her.† (189) (P 145)- explain why the monster would take the locket that has a picture of his brother. ïÆ' ¼ Presents evidence of guilt toward his father, he has no reason to say such things and put himself down by tragic †¦ Killed William (younger brother, jealousy), Frames Justine (Caroline’s favorite also regrets him when he had feelings for her), Kills Clerval (jealousy, because this is what Victor could’ve been), Kills Elizabeth (he’s expected to marry her, â€Å"sister†, blames her for his mother’s death). ïÆ'Ëœ He does not seek to have a romantic passion for Elizabeth but views her as the corpse of his own mother. The monster threatens Victor but it doesn’t make sense that Victor believes to that the threat is toward Elizabeth. â€Å"Sometimes I thought that the fiend followed me, and might expedite my remises by murdering my companion† (167). â€Å"I will be with you on your wedding-night† (173). ïÆ' ¼ Gives off that he would murder his own wife but if one was given a hint of harm during their wedding night, why would one

The Anti Slavery Movement In Britain in Birmingham Coursework

The Anti Slavery Movement In Britain in Birmingham - Coursework Example This is because of the fact that though Britain was one of the most influential and prosperous nations in this regard, other nations were no les behind. The practice of slave trade was rather a tricky affair and the basis of such trade was 'need'. Ships from ports such as Liverpool and Bristol used to head towards the backward African mainland laden with small goods such as spices, fabrics, arms and knives etc. things were by far petty and simple for the white man, but something that was of extreme value and demand to the African people. This is because these were some of the many things that the African were deprived of in those days given their backwardness. More often, such goods used to be of very cheap quality, for which Africa proved to be a lucrative 'dump'. As the topic of the essay ges to say, the anti slavery movement has an important association with Britain, and among these, the city of Birmingham has come to hold an important place. Most of these low quality and sub-standard goods were made in Birmingham and were popularly referred to as 'Brummagem ware'. In return for these goods, the African people had to pay the heaviest price they could have ever thought of-'themselves'. Goods were exchanged for large number of African people, who were then brought back or taken to other territories, where they were either sold of slaves or made to do hard work in the form of slaves in those territories. Many of them were captured in armed conflicts with the Europeans winning all of them given the kind of firearms they possessed in comparison to the bows and arrows, wherein the former outclassed the latter.After having been captured or being brought in as part of the trade, these people were then packed like sardines into these slave ships and were brought home to Britain in such inhuman and inhospitable conditions that many of them would perish midway. The conditions were so worse that they would not have the opportunity t o do even the commonest of other daily activities (as they were jam-packed), which resulted in the outbreak of disease. By the turn of the eighteenth century, the trade of slaves had risen to such terrific proportions that ships from Britain were now bringing back as many as 50,000 slaves every year. Those slaves who managed to survive through all the above-mentioned hardships were then sold for transportation to places such as the windies or the America to work in plantations, factories, mills etc1. The goods produced by the slaves within those regions would then come back to Britain, where they were then sold or sold in the colonies for exorbitant prices. Thu, it can be understood that the practice of slave trade profited Britain in particular, and the countries of Europe in general have benefited in huge ways by making huge profits on many trade-related fronts. On the other hand, the slaves who labored hard were made to live and work in inhospitable conditions ridden with poverty and disease. Thus, their fruits of labor were enjoyed by the people back in Britain (and Europe). Moreover, there was no sense of knowledge within the British public largely about the conditions that existed in these plantations and factories, while many just did not bother to know any2.But, as time passed by and decades rolled past, a sense of consciousness began to emerge

Reaction Paper (Political Psychology)- Perceptions & Attributions Essay

Reaction Paper (Political Psychology)- Perceptions & Attributions - Essay Example ons are not contrived in vacuum, but have a lot to do with the past held beliefs and prejudices, recent alterations motivated by the framing of political issues and the persuasion techniques used by the vested interests. Granberg aptly defines political perception as the â€Å"process by which people develop impressions of the characteristics and positions of political candidates, parties, and institutions (p.70).† I personally feel that political perceptions do play a vital role in determining outcomes and consequences in a democratic society. The perceptions of the masses towards political candidates and parties do often have a key role in the determination of the vital factors like the levels of satisfaction with the political institutions; trust in the state and the ensuing responses and actions by the citizens (Gadot, 2006). It seems that both the external features and the perceiver’s internal orientation tend to affect the ultimate nature and potency of such perceptions (Granberg, p.70). Moreover, an astute political candidate is often aware of the power that perceptions command in the overall process of the determination of the final political outcomes in a society. That is why it has been seen that political candidates do often tailor their messages to suit the audience they intend to address. For example, Lyndon Johnson often resorted to delivering fiery speeches, when faced with a highly stimulated audience (Granberg, p.71). Pragmatically speaking, political perception is an unpredictable entity determined and influenced by an array of factors that happen to be both subjective and rational at the same time. Still a thorough observance of the political campaigns facilitated by the developments in the digital media has established that persuasion by the political candidates does often have a crucial role in influencing the political perceptions. The paper by Iyengar establishes convincingly that the vantage point from which people perceive a particular

Alternative ways of funding healthcare system Essay

Alternative ways of funding healthcare system - Essay Example In this regard, healthcare system is required to be properly funded with the intention of meeting the needs of patients with enhanced medical technology and providing best practiced medication as well as treatment facilities. Subsequently, the increase cost of healthcare has been the main concern for the social policy makers with regard to health insurance coverage and growth for Medicaid. The increasing prices of the healthcare system have become a major concern as compared to other healthcare objectives. Developing countries are identified to be struggling in an immense manner in order to extend healthcare policies coverage in the entire population. The social and the health care system has been a mass concern and government intervention is necessary to improve the same. The need of health policy planning has been observed to be a major requirement for the development of healthcare system within a country. Contextually, funds are required to be procured with the aim of conducting h ealthcare operations effectively. In order to build a sustainable healthcare system the factor relating to accessibility plays an important role for the healthcare system with regard to its availability and affordability (Gutià ©rrez and Ferrara 1-16). Most of the countries are facing constant pressure to meet the need of funding of the healthcare policies owing to increasing healthcare expenditures. Presently, healthcare system needed adequate funds in order to meet the healthcare needs of people in an effective manner. Healthcare system obtains financial funds from different sources that include government firms, private firms, household or individuals, foreign charity organisation and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) among others. In healthcare system, funding is necessary for different factors that include implementation of innovative technology, redefining medical services, better access to

The Importance Of Unix

The Importance Of Unix Unix is not limited to specific computers other operating system like using a microprocessor as a cpu. .the good thing about this is that it run on all sizes of computers using a wide range of microprocessors.moerover ,current versions of many other operating systems have been revised to include the capability to run unix applications and connect smoothly with unix. The operating system unix was found on its begginings of MULTICS.and it stands for multiplexed operating and computing system, where the whole project began on 1960s time period and in 1969 the project was pulled out by bell laboratories. it plays a precious role by counting all of the various flavors of UNIX and all of the Linux Flavors (which are sort of descendants of UNIX systems) would make up a large portion of all of the computers in operation. The operating system unix has a great importance because it was mainly designed to handle multiple user which was connected to a central hub which, in turn, it may be connected with the other hubs. This defines a network with a star topology which, amazingly enough, is the same as the basic structure of the entire internet. the most prevalent operating system in use was unix which In a nut shell is an operating system which at one point in time. This operating system has a graet impact in business and scientific sectors. We also heard about a UNIX system and non-ATT around 1990 or 1991, from the study we have found that there are a lots of incidence at a Usenix conference whre they working as a team in a different version with that of BSD UNIX that had been purged of ATT codeon when this kind of thing was really anacademic effort- there was no way we can run on a cheap Intel-based Pc. However it was also familiar as a long-term goal of the GNU project there must have a complete OS, although is true that in the earlier times they were still trying to focus on commands and compilers. When we started with linux some years ago on fooling around , and it creates a awareness in the real-world installations like Google, it was out of our idea that how good linux was,because we are trying to look at it as a user, not as a systems programmer. Once we start updating a book, and we found nice result, which forced me to go deeeper. We have started working with different linux systems like FreeBSD and SuSE we found that it was running on two spare desktop boxes. After that we decided to buy a another another box to run Solaris, and we did it and finally decided to add it in a Macintosh to run OS X, where a UNIX kernel (Darwin) was existed. There was a book in which it was more than 17000 lines of different example code was there which was covered about 300 system calls, and we are trying to test all the examples on all four systems. We are trying to find out How the other three systems would stack up against Linux, where each of which was came or originated in some way from genuine UNIX ATT? We found a surprising result, as it turned out True, the Linux we were using the latest UNIX standard was well behind Solaris in conforming to, however it was lack of POSIX threads ,POSIX interprocess communication, , and a some other system calls, but the real thing was that whatever was there was complete ,solid, and, especially,more than enough. We have discovered Linux its targeted at the most critical industrial applications, has no academic exercise.Furthermore, although we are trying to write the book , Linux 0/s kept evolving. It has now POSIX threads. It has a great commercial domination, we have good idea that linux creates a big role , on SCOs litigation judging from the news articles about, Microsofts jitters , and Suns decline.However the most important thing of Linux is socially and technically? Its this: Linux and the BSD-derived systems are open source, Unlike other UNIX clones, , so that the users can have the source if they want to use it or simply want it, they can also that vendors who improve the source. We have different examples of that .for example Red Hat, have to share their improvements.the users have a chioce to be totally self-sufficient, building their own kernel and compiler. Otherwise , they have a choice to use a commercial distribution, and they still have the ability or chance to make their own. ambitious professionals and Students can learn how a real OS is put together. If we think about developing countries Linux is perfect, because to educate their knowledge workersand to make them skilled , they can use it.on the other hand, they can deploy by running afoul of intellectual-property agreements,or without spending cash or and which can make them self-sufficient rather than being dependent on European technology companies and US . From a statistics we have found that in the last 30 years, the operating system UNIX is still known as the storong, versatile,in a word simply the best operating systems in the world. howeverThe popularity of this operating system is hinges on its simplicity, its it has a ability in running in various different machines, open standards design, and it is also good for its portability system. The important thing about UNIX is that it was and reliable, multi-user, secure, operating system that continues to dominate the enterprise Web- and application-hosting landscape.. In the present time the computer experts believe that for the web hosting unix is the best choice , where the another best alternative is linux ®, and someof The biggest vendors like ibm are strongly backing . One of the biggest reasons for using Unix is networking capability. With other operating systems, additional software must be purchased for networking. With Unix, networking capability is simply part of the operating system. Unix is ideal for such things as world wide e-mail and connecting to the Internet. If we try to compare between windows and linux we can find a clear idea.which one is more secure,reliable and chatheap. From the statistics we have found that We know that unix operating system is more secure,reliable and less expensive than that of microsoft ® Windows NT ® servers.. it is out of our skepticism that, each point can be argued, but no one can argue the fact that many UNIX operating system flavors are free. Everybody need to remember one thing about the operating system unix is that it is open source. Even if we think about security, one of the report showing a different result which is an aggregation of UNIX operating systemflavors versus Windows operating system in a different battle field likely Web-hosting environment clearly reveals that it takes a lot of time if the hacker want to hack a unix based server. If we assume an enterprise which is based on microsoft based messaging but not independant,where Microsoft Active Server Pages (ASP), Office Accessà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢, BizTalk ® Server, or any other proprietary software, for instance, Windows servers will undoubtedly be a piece of the SOA puzzle that this article reviews, the reason behind this is that as they have no other choice if they need to run that kind of software. Unix operating system was written in a machine independent language. So Unix and unix-like operating systems can run on a variety of hardware. These systems are available from many different sources, some of them at no cost. Because of this diversity and the ability to utilize the same user-interface on many different systems, Unix is said to be an opensystem.. Everything in UNIX is either a file or a process.A process is an executing program identified by a unique PID (process identifier).A file is a collection of data. They are created by users using text editors, running compilers etc. Although we dont need to say, what the future may bring-virtualization; complete services-, mash-up-, or portlet-based application front ends with shared computing hosting and database environments-somewhere out there you will still have UNIX servers doing what they do best: providing a reliable operating system to host a variety of Web computing needs. From this information we can get a clear idea of the history of UNIX servers in the enterprise and how important they are to the SOA puzzle drills into and exposes which technologies are used for each SOA implementation and the platforms on which they perform best. Reference and bibliography: 1.understanding operating systems fourth edition , by ida M.Flynn Mclver Mchoes. 2.operating systems internals and design principles, fifth edition by william stallings. 3. http://www.unix.com/ 4. http://tutorial.jcwcn.com/Operating-Systems/Linux/Linux-and-other-OSs/2008-09-16/10803.html 5. http://www.sharadavikas.com/CourceMeterials/mca34.PDF. 6. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/?ito=1640 7. http://www.computing.net/

Comparing Femininity in The Woman Warrior and King Lear Essay -- compa

Femininity in The Woman Warrior and King Lear  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   What is femininity? What role should women play in society? These are questions that humanity has faced ever since the first hunter-gatherer tribes developed. Gender roles, at least in the popular imagination, were clear; the men hunted for big game, the women picked nuts and berries. There were clear reasons for this - hunting required the brute muscular strength of the male, while gathering did not. But as humanity invented labor-saving devices, physical strength became less and less important to survival, while "mental strength" - strength of character - played an ever-increasing role. This is a phenomenon that we see played out in Shakespeare's play King Lear and Maxine Hong Kingston's memoir The Woman Warrior.    Any work of literature can be said to make a claim about the nature of femininity; even a work with all male characters would be notable in this respect for the absence of females. But these two works are notable because rather than showing females in their "traditional" passive roles, they are made into active figures. Though the two works are vastly separated in space and time, they both make the same essential claim about the nature of woman. They make the claim that women can, and should, be empowered, and that the idea of the "woman warrior" is not a dream, but a viable reality. In order to show this, the character in each work that best exemplifies this "modern spirit must be considered. In King Lear, this is Cordelia, although the choice is superficially unobvious. In The Woman Warrior, the narrator - Maxine, for the sake of brevity - is the only female character well enough known to the reader for any empowerment to be perceived. In order... ...o begin the essay with the quote below:   The last thing I wanted was infinite security and to be    the place an arrow shoots off from. I wanted change and    excitement and to shoot off in all directions myself, like    the colored arrows from a Fourth of July rocket. Sylvia Plath, The Bell Jar (68)    Works Cited Feldman, Erica. Personal communication. 28 Sept 2000. Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior. New York: Vintage International, 1975. O'Brien, Tim. "How To Tell A True War Story." The Things They Carried. New York: Penguin, 1990. 73-91. Plath, Sylvia. The Bell Jar. New York: Harper and Row, 1971. Rolfe, Alex. "Fa Mu Lan: an autobiography." The Woman Warrior reaction papers. 2000. Shakespeare, William. King Lear. 1608. Ed. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. New York: Washington Square Press, 1993.      

Financial Environment and Interest Rate and Inflation

An Assignment of Business Finance Course Code: FIN -2101 Submitted To: Md. Monzur Morshed Bhuiya Associate Professor Department of Finance Jagannath University, Dhaka. Submitted By: Md. Mazharul Islam. Group Representative of Finance Interface B. B. A, 3rd Batch (2nd Year, 1st Semester) Session: 2008-2009 Department of Finance Jagannath University, Dhaka. Date of Submission: 25-10-2010 Department of Finance Jagannath University 1|Page 1 Sl. No. Name 01. Md. Mazharul Islam. (Group Representative) 02. Khadizatuz Zohara. Roll No. 091541 091526 Department of Finance Jagannath University 2|PageTable of Contents Sl. No. 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 Contents Problems Yield Curves Yield Curves Inflation and Interest Rate Rate of Interest Real Risk-Free Rate, MRP and DRP Exam-Type Problems Expected Inflation Rate Expected Rate of Interest Expected Rate of Interest Interest Rate Interest Rate Expected Rate of Interest Ending Part Formula and Necessary Illustration for Calculat ion Summary of the Assignment Page No. 5 6 7 9 10 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 18 Department of Finance Jagannath University 3|Page The Financial Environment: Interest Rates Problems 2-1:Suppose you and most other investors expect the rate of inflation to be 7 percent next year, to fall to 5 percent during the following year, and then to remain at a rate of 3 percent thereafter. Assume that the real risk-free rate, k*, is 2 percent and that maturity risk premium on treasury securities rise from zero on very short-term bonds ( those that mature in few days) by 0. 2 percentage points for each year to maturity, up to a limit of 1. 0 percentage point on five year or longer-term T-bonds. a. Calculate the interest rate on one, two, three, four, five, 10 and 20 year Treasury securities, and Plot the yield curve. .Now suppose IBM, a highly rated company, had bonds with the same- maturities as the Treasury bonds. As an approximation, plot a yield curve for IBM on the same graph with the Treasury bon d yield curve, (Hint: Think about the default risk premium on IBM’s long-term versus its short-term bonds. ) c. Now plot the approximate yield curve of Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO), a risky nuclear utility. Solution 2-1: Requirement ‘a’: Expected Annual Inflation Rate 7% 5% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% Real Risk-free Rate (k*) 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% Average Expected Inflation Rate or Inflation Premium (IP) = 7% 1 =7% 2 = (7%+5%) ? 2 = 6% 3 = (12%+3%) ? 3 = 5% 4 = (15%+3%) ? 4 =4. 5% 5 =(18%+3%) ? 5 = 4. 2% 10 =(21%+3%? 5) ? 10=3. 6% 20 =(36%+3%? 10) ? 20=3. 3% Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Average Nominal Interest Rate = k* + IP 9% 8% 7% 6. 5% 6. 2% 5. 6% 5. 3%Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Maturity Risk Premium (MRP) 0. 2% 0. 2%+0. 2% =0. 4% 0. 4%+0. 2% =0. % 0. 6%+0. 2% =0. 8% 0. 8%+0. 2% =1. 0% 1. 0% 1. 0% Department of Finance Jagannath University 4|Page And Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond The yield Curve: + 9% + 0. 2% 8% + 0. 4% 7% + 0. 6% 6. 5% + 0. 8% 6. 2% + 1. 0% 5. 6% + 1. 0% 5. 3% + 1. 0% Interest Rate (k) 9. 2% 8. 4% 7. 6% 7. 3% 7. 2% 6. 6% 6. 3% 10. 5 10. 0 9. 5 9. 0 8. 5 Yield (%) 8. 0 7. 5 7. 0 6. 5 6. 0 5. 5 5. 0 0 2 4 6 8 Yield Curve LILCO IBM T – Bonds – Bonds T 10 12 14 16 18 20 Yield of MaturityRequirement ‘b’: The interest rate on the IBM bonds has the same components as the Treasury securities, except that the IBM bonds have default risk, so a default risk premium must be included. Therefore, = * + IP + MRP + DRP For a strong company such as IBM, the default risk premium is virtually zero for short-term bonds. However, as time to maturity increases, the probability of default, although still small, is sufficient to warrant a default premium. Thus, the yiel d risk curve for the IBM bonds will rise above the yield curve for the Treasury securities.In the graph, the default risk premium was assumed to be 1. 2 percentage points on the 20-year IBM bonds. The return should equal 6. 3% + 1. 2% = 7. 5%. Department of Finance Jagannath University 5|Page Requirement ‘c’: Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO) bonds would have significantly more default risk than either Treasury securities or IBM bonds, and the risk of default would increase over time due to possible financial deterioration. In this example, the default risk premium was assumed to be 1. 0 percentage point on the one-year LILCO bonds and 2. 0 percentage points on the 20-year bonds.The 20-year return should equal 6. 3% + 2% = 8. 3%. ————- Problem 2-2: The following yield on U. S. Treasury securities were taken from The Wall Street Journal on January 7, 2004: Term Rate 6 months 1. 0% 1 year 1. 2% 2 year 1. 6% 3 year 2. 5% 4 year 2. 9% 5 year 3 . 7% 10 year 4. 6% 20 year 5. 1% 30 year 5. 3% Plot a yield curve based on these data. Discuss how each term structure theory mentioned in the chapter can explain the shape of the yield curve you plot. Solution 2-2: 5. 35 5. 30 5. 25 Yield (%) 5. 20 5. 15 5. 10 5. 05 5. 00 4. 95 4. 90 4. 85 0 5 Yield Curve 10 15 20 Maturity (years) 25 30 ———— Department of Finance Jagannath University 6|Page Problem 2-3: Inflation currently is about 2 percent. Last year the Fed took actions to maintain inflation at this level. However, the economy is showing signs that it might be growing too quickly, and reports indicate that inflation is expected to increase during the next five year. Assume that at the beginning of 2005, the rate of inflation expected for the year is 4 percent; for 2006, it is expected to be 5 percent; for 2007, it is expected to be 7 percent; and, for 2008 and every year thereafter, it is expected to settle at 4 percent. a.What is the average expected inflation rate over the five year period 2005-2009? b. What average nominal interest would, over the five-year period, be expected to produce a 2 percent real risk-free rate of return on five-year Treasury securities? c. Assuming a real risk-free rate of 2 percent and a maturity risk premium that starts at 0. 1 percent and increases by 0. 1 percent each year, estimate the interest rate in January 2005on bond that mature in one, two, five, 10 and 20 years and draw a yield curve based on these data. d. Describe the general economic conditions that could be expected to produce an upward-sloping yield curve. . If the consensus among investors in early 2005 is that the expected rate of inflation for every future year is 5 percent ( = 5% for t = 1 to ? ), what do you think the yield curve would look like?Consider all the factors that are likely to affect the curve. Does your answer here make you question the yield curve you drew in part c? Solution 2-3: Requirement ‘a & b’: Expected Annual Inflation Rate 4% 5% 7% 4% 4% 4% 4% Real Risk-free Rate (k*) 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% Average Expected Inflation Rate or Inflation Premium (IP) 1 = 4% 1 =4% 2 = (4%+5%) ? 2 = 4. 5% 3 = (9%+7%) ? 3 = 5. 33% 4 = (16%+4%) ? =5% 5 =(20%+4%) ? 5 = 4. 8% 10 =(24%+4%? 5) ? 10=4. 4% 20 =(44%+2%? 5) ? 20=4. 2% Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Average Nominal Interest Rate = k* + IP 6% 6. 5% 7. 33% 7% 6. 8% 6. 4% 6. 2% Requirement ‘c’: Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Department of Finance Maturity Risk Premium (MRP) 0. 1% 0. 1%+0. 1% =0. 2% 0. 2%+0. 1% =0. 3% 0. 3%+0. 1% =0. 4% 0. 5%+0. 1% =0. 5% 0. 5%+(0. 1%? 5) =1. 0% 1. 0%+(0. 1%? 10) =2. 0% Jagannath University 7|PageAnd Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond The Yield Curve: 9. 0 8. 0 7. 0 6. 0 5. 0 4. 0 3. 0 2. 0 1. 0 0. 0 0 2 4 + 6% + 0. 1% 6. 5% + 0. 2% 6. 8% + 0. 5% 6. 4% + 1. 0% 6. 2% + 2. 0% Estimated Interest Rate (k) 6. 1% 6. 7% 7. 3% 7. 4% 8. 2% Yield Curve Yield (%) 6 8 10 12 14 Years to Maturity 16 18 20 Requirement ‘d’: The ? normal? yield curve is upward sloping because, in ? normal? times, inflation is not expected to trend either up or down, so IP is the same for debt of all maturities, but the MRP increases with years, so the yield curve slopes up.During a recession, the yield curve typically slopes up especially steeply, because inflation and consequently short-term interest rates are currently low, yet people expect inflation and interest rates to rise as the economy comes out of the recession. Requirement ‘e’: If inflation rates are expected to be constant, then the expectations theory holds that the yield curve should be horizontal. However, in this event it is likely that maturity risk premiums would be applied to long-term bonds because o f the greater risks of holding long-term rather than short-term bonds: Yield (%) Actual yield curveMaturity risk premium Pure expectations yield curve Years to Maturity Department of Finance Jagannath University 8|Page If maturity risk premiums were added to the yield curve in part e above, then the yield curve would be more nearly normal—that is, the long-term end of the curve would be raised. ————- Problem 2-4: Assume that the real risk-free rate of return, k*, is 3 percent, and it will remain at that level far into the future. Also assume that maturity risk premiums on Treasury Bonds increase from zero for bonds that mature in one year or less to a maximum of 2 percent, and MRP increases by 0. percent for each year to maturity that is greater than one year – that is, MRP equals 0. 2 percent for a two-year bond, 0. 4 percent for a three year bond, and so forth. Following are the expected inflation rates for the next five years: Year Inflat ion Rate (%) 2005 3 2006 5 2007 4 2008 8 2009 3 a. b. c. d. What is the average expected inflation rate for a one, two, three, four and five year bond? What should be the MRP for a one, two, three, four and five year bond? Compute the interest rate for a one, two, three, four and five year bond?If inflation is expected to equal 2 percent every year after 2009, what should be the interest rate for a 10 and 20 year bond? e. Plot the yield curve for the interest rates you computed in parts c and d. Solution 2-4: Requirement ‘a’: Expected Annual Inflation Rate 3% 5% 4% 8% 3% 2% 2% Real Risk-free Rate (k*) 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% Average Expected Inflation Rate or Inflation Premium (IP) 1 = 3% 1 =3% 2 = (3%+5%) ? 2 = 4% 3 = (8%+4%) ? 3 = 4% 4 = (12%+8%) ? 4 =5% 5 =(20%+3%) ? 5 = 4. 6% 10 =(23%+2%? 5) ? 10=3. 3% 20 =(33%+2%? 5) ? 20=2. 65%Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Requirement ‘b†™: Average Nominal Interest Rate = k* + IP 6% 7% 7% 8% 7. 6% 6. 3% 5. 65% Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond Maturity Risk Premium (MRP) 0% 0%+0. 2% =0. 2% 0. 2%+0. 2% =0. 4% 0. 4%+0. 2% =0. 6% 0. 6%+0. 2% =0. 8% 0. 8%+(0. 2%? 5)=1. 8% 2% Department of Finance Jagannath University 9|Page Requirement ‘c & d’: Bond Type 1st year bond 2nd year bond 3rd year bond 4th year bond 5th year bond 10th year bond 20th year bond 6% + 0% 7% + 0. 2% 7% + 0. 4% 8% + 0. 6% 7. 6% + 0. 8% 6. 3% + 1. 8% 5. 65% + 2% Interest Rate (k) 6% 7. 2% 7. 4% 8. 6% 8. 4% 8. 1% 7. 65% Requirement ‘e’: Yield Curve 9. 0 8. 5 Yield (%) 8. 0 7. 5 7. 0 6. 5 6. 0 5. 5 5. 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Years to Maturity ————Problem 2-5: Today’s edition of The Wall Street Journal reports that the yield on Treasury bills maturing in 30 days is 3. 5 percent, the yield on Treasury bills m aturing in 10 years is 6. 5 percent, and the yield on a bond issued by Nextel Communications that matures in six years is 7. 5 percent.Also, today the Federal Reserve announced that inflation is expected to be 2 percent during the next 12 months. There is a maturity risk premium (MRP) associated with all bonds with maturities equal to one year or more. a. Assume that the increase in the MRP each year is the same and the total MRP is the same for bonds with maturities equal to 10 years and greater that is, MRP is at its maximum for bonds with maturities equal to 10 years and greater. What is the MRP per year? b. What is default risk premium associated with Nextel’s bond? c. What is the real risk-free rate of return? Department of Finance Jagannath University 0 | P a g e Solution 2-5: Requirement ‘a’:Since MRP associated with all bonds with maturities equal to one year or more, so with Treasury bills maturing in 30 days, 0% MRP is associated, then k = k* + IP ? 3. 5% = k* + 2% ? k* = 3. 5% ? 2% ? k* = 1. 5% At the 10 year bond: k = k* + IP + MRP ? 6. 5% = 1. 5% + 2% + MRP ? MRP = 6. 5% ? 1. 5% ? 2% ? MRP = 3% As MRP at 10 year bond is 3%. So MRP per year is (3? 10) = 0. 3%. Requirement ‘b’: Since 30 days T-bond and 10 years T-bond fulfills the equations:- K = k* +IP +MRP, We have to calculate DRP from 6 years Nextel Bond: k = k* +IP +DRP +MRP ? 7. 5% = 1. 5% + 2% + DRP + (0. % ? 6) ? 7. 5% = 3. 5% + DRP + 1. 8% ? DRP = 7. 5% ? 3. 5% ? 1. 8% ? DRP = 2. 2% Requirement ‘c’: Now real risk-free rate of return k* = 3. 5% – IP = 3. 5% – 2. 0% = 1. 5% ————- Exam-Type Problems 2-6: According to The Wall Street Journal, the interest rate on one-year Treasury bonds is 2. 2 percent, The rate on two-year Treasury bonds is 3. 0 percent, and the rate on three-year Treasury bonds is 3. 6 percent. These bonds are considered risk free, so the rates given here are risk free rates ( ). The one-y ear bond matures one year from today, the two-year bond matures two year from today and so forth.

buy custom Providers of Health Care essay

buy custom Providers of Health Care essay Providers of health care give essential services in any form of health institutions (hospitals, pharmacies, nursing centers etc). The services vary a lot and could range from curative ones to preventive and they target either individuals or community at large. These workers can be nurses, dentists, pharmacists, dietists, midwives, physicians, pharmaconomists, emergency medical technicians, and many others. Dental therapists emerged due to peoples lack to access the dentists; hence this job creation was to help in the disparities. In addition due to poor roads in some countries, they also lacked basic training for dental health thus need for therapists. Growth in the sector occurred with the sponsoring of students to take it as a specialist in New Zealand especially those from Alaska where the mentioned problems were prevalent. In the modern world the types of foods available and the habits developed has led to more oral problems in comparison to specialists to available. Generally, dental therapists have so far had a very positive impact in health industry: with more workers in the field the expenses in terms wages have reduced, and also accessibility by the patients is easier. The availability of clinical care in the dental field has greatly improved because they carry out important procedures including: assessment of teeth, polishing, using teeth tools except for few ones and much mo re. However the cost of training is higher for a high number of practioners. With yearly certification, the dental therapy field is likely to be more developed in the next two decades. Emergency Medical Technicians are those health workers that respond to emergencies in hospitals or even in ambulances. With increased road accidents, emergencies were on the rise and this is one of the reasons for this job creation. The growth in this field was significantly contributed by a vote by American Board of Medical Specialties that the emergency field become officially recognized in the late 1970s. Implications of the EMTs (as commonly known) are very positive as endangered peoples lives greatly depend on them before they can see any kind of doctor. Financially, the wages of EMTs affects the health industry only to a small extend compared to the strenuous work they are usually involved in. Emergency Medical Technicians play a key role in terms of care making sure it is always available especially in cases of excessive bleeding. The services provided by the practitioners may increase costs in the medical fields due to needs and conditions such as oxygen and emergency drugs, in addition training costs for them is also quite high especially up to the paramedics level. The high rate of emergency cases will make sure this career is still available even in the next 20 years. Medical assistants perform under medical doctors by helping them with tasks such as drugs and injection administration, checking up of patients signs and symptoms as well as recording important information about the state of the patients. In the United States, certification of Medical Assistants started in early 1970s by an organization of Medical Technologists. Certification by other bodies such as National Health career Association has helped in the growth of this job. In the health industry, sometimes, controversial issues may arise due the work these workers are supposed to perform, as they need to work under doctors. Some states may allow them to perform doctors procedures. Availability of care in hospitals may be improved by presence of medical assistants although financially more workers in the hospitals mean more money for paying them. The job is essential in hospitals and for their high demand, the future of these workers is bright for more than the following two decades. Buy custom Providers of Health Care essay

Email Newsletters How to Make One That Your Customers Love

Email Newsletters How to Make One That Your Customers Love Did you know email marketing drives a reported 4,400% ROI? Believe it. Email is low-cost and direct. If people are on your email list, it’s because they want to hear from you. So, give them what they want with an irresistible email newsletter. With strategic planning, a consistent schedule, and sharp curatorial and copywriting skills, any marketer can create one that drives results. Follow along with this step-by-step process to get started. in oneplace. Save 20 hrs this week alone and every weekafter. If youve ever kicked the tires on , nows the time to see what its reallylike. Schedule Your Demo Success! Your download should start shortly. Clean up the chaos with your editorial calendar! With , youll Save time with blogging, social, and email think HOURS every week Schedule your social posts in batches and increase your posting frequency super easily Get your sht together and hold yourself accountable to publishing like the boss you are! Now’s the perfect time to start your 14-day free trial to see for yourself! Start Your Free Trial

Green Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Green Economics - Essay Example Green economics have so far been considered external to mainstream economics and there is a lot of discussion about whether they have any major points in similar. Green economics states that in the world we live in, needs looking after and if our daily transactions or dealings with each other affect the natural atmosphere, then it should be taken into account in decision making. As the natural resources are scarce, we can not use them wastefully, thus, our use of them should be noted. Besides, as our actions affect other human beings, such as a business decision affecting its consumers, suppliers, workers, shareholders, bank, the society and community etc, our actions can also affect non-human things such as plants, animals, the environment or the ecology and the different natural systems that exists around us. Green economics broadly encompasses the natural environment too while talking about social justice and other economic matters and has questioned some of the assumptions made by the classical economics. For this reason, it is often called non-neoclassical economics. ... Firms and individual also act separately on the basis on information and they have perfect knowledge. The assumptions of neoclassical theories include the profit maximizing behaviour of firms and the derivation of demand curves from the consumer indifference curves and budget lines to maximize their utility. Factors of production are analyzed by supply curves. It emphasizes on equilibrium and the aggregation of individual and firms' demands and supply curves. Bodies which shape up individual behaviour or are considered not as important are not emphasized. The conventional economics has taken a lot from this neoclassical approach in its assumptions and at the basic microeconomics level. Despite these derivations, there have been many individuals and economists who have criticized the neoclassical theories, especially when it came to the lack of attention given to the environment or the ecology. Green critics say that mainstream economists consider environmental and ecological considerations as externalities, which are a cost or benefit arising from an economic transaction or deal that affects a third party or people who are not directly related to the transaction. Conventional economics assume that the society's preferences are fixed and does not change or evolve with time or analysis. The green economists have often also shown distrust about capitalism which refers to an economic system where ownership is in private hands and economic decisions are made by the market economy. They do not believe that the "invisible hand" as called by Adam Smith makes the best decisions. The theory that self interest of individuals make them act in a certain way which brings

Ethical Dilemma Assignment-using restraints and seclusion in treatment Research Paper

Ethical Dilemma Assignment-using restraints and seclusion in treatment facilities - Research Paper Example According to a study, both psychiatric and emergency nurses hold the belief that these experiences of assault from patient is part of their profession and cannot be prevented (Haddad, 2004). This is quite a disturbing finding for those involved in providing mental health care. The Ethical Dilemma of Using Restraints in Treatment Facilities A patient receiving mental care behaves unpredictably. In some cases, they seem fine but suddenly perform violent acts—throwing objects, screaming or shouting angrily, and even posing as a threat to himself or to others. For clinical nurse practitioners in the psychiatric unit, this is the new dilemma they are facing: to use restriction or not. What is the ethical dilemma here? Nurses are expected to understand their role in patients’ lives. When it comes to the psychiatric care, one particular role stands out above all else—the nurse as an advocate for their patients (Park, 2009). It may be quite difficult to fight for the pat ients’ rights when faced with factors such as self-harming behavior, aggression targeted towards health care professionals, and the call as to whether restrictions should be used. It is often confusing where nurses should lie now—will it be in their role in advocating patient right to life, personal freedom, safety and preservation of dignity or will the nurse follow hospital protocols and use seclusion or restriction measures to avoid in any occurrence of harm to anyone? Most often, the latter is the case not because it was the appropriate response but because it is the instinctive human response to feel anger or fear (Haddad, 2004). What guide must a nurse use in correctly addressing the situation and what is the solution to this ethical dilemma? To make a nurse qualified for their roles in the hospital, ethical theories and principles have been established. Instructions have been specified to make the right choices. To start, ethical theories aim toward the achievem ent of an aggregate of objectives—beneficence, least harm, respect for autonomy and justice--called ethical principles. Beneficence is concerned with â€Å"do[ing] good† and is pertinent to the principle of utility where one aims to do the highest possible proportion of good over evil (Penslar, 1995). The next objective, least harm, is quite similar to the first principle. However, this is used when any decision made will have a malicious outcome. Respect for autonomy requires an ethical theory to result in patient’s complete dominance over their lives having the privilege to control the decisions which ultimately leads to the first principle of beneficence (Ridley, 1998; Ethical Principles, 2010). In relation to that, there are various perceptions of the connection between the two. Beneficence is given first concern rather than the autonomy of a person when viewing it paternalistically or the opposite in a libertarian view. Moreover, an ethical theory must acco mplish justice where fair actions are needed to resolve and is characterized by reasonable basis to (Ethical Principles, 2010). Moreover, nonmalificence differs from the least harm principle in that this aims to cause no harm at all and is considered to be of the greatest importance even if all principles are of the same significance in theory (Kitchener, 1984; Rosenbaum, 1982; Stadler, 1986). According to Rainbow’

Summarization for 7 chapter of the weather makers Essay - 1

Summarization for 7 chapter of the weather makers - Essay Example The effects of clouds on global warming are still being investigated (Flannery 153-165). The Commitment and Approaching Extreme Danger (Seventeen) Although most of the greenhouse gases that was emitted during the WWI as our great-grand mothers stoked their fuel stoves is still warming the earth, It is not until about 2050 that we will be able to begin feeling the full effect of those greenhouse gases that happen to still be in circulation. The Earth’s current average temperature stands at around 59 degrees F and a slight increase could potentially wipe out most of the world’s species and billions of people (Flannery 166-170). Leveling the Mountains (Eighteen) The temperature drops by about 1 degree F for every distance of about one hundred yards travelled up a mountain. Without this effect, mountains would not be any different from the lowlands that surround them. In the past, when the world warmed at a rapid pace, most of the mountain-dwelling species used to inexorabl y and swiftly retreat to the cooler higher regions. It is possible to accurately calculate when some of these mountain dwelling species will become extinct given the current rate of global warming. The only species that stands to gain from the effects of global warming as animals retreat to the cooler temperatures are the four strains of malaria causing parasites (Flannery 171-177). How Can They Keep On Moving? (Nineteen) This is a brief chapter of the book in which Flannery seeks to explain just how climate change might potentially impact the world’s various habitats in the coming decades. Previously, Most of the world’s species had been able to escape the potentially catastrophic effects of climate change by moving up the mountains to the cooler parts where they could be able to find favorable temperatures necessary for their survival. However, as a result of global warming, there has been the formation of large water bodies being formed from the melting ice that ser ve in inhibiting the movement of these animals up the mountains. Various human activities such as buildings and fences are also playing a huge role in blocking the routes that these species normally use for migration. The effects of climate change are not limited to affecting only the animal species as various plant species are also being negatively impacted as well. Flannery explains how they fynbos which is one of the six floral kingdoms in the world and is found in the Cape Fold Mountains stands to lose nearly half of all its present species by the year 2050 if migration is restricted. Flannery is keen to point out that if immediate action were to be taken, we could potentially be able to save at least two species for every species that is killed failure to this, three out of every five of these species will not survive to see the turn of the century (Flannery 178-183). Boiling the Abyss (Twenty) In the past, scientist thought that the dying of most deep-sea dwelling fish immedia tely they happened to be brought up to the surface by the trawling nets used by marine biologists was attributed to the change in pressure. Modern scientists have proven this to be wrong and have attributed the deaths to temperature change. These fish are used to surviving in water temperatures that are close to zero and the surface temperatures are too high for them. The ocean is separated into different layers based on temperature. If perchance the ocean happens to absorb too much CO2, it

The Radio Free

The Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty (RFERL) in Central Asia Essay News-provider websites are considered to be of great significance in the modern age. Socio-cultural news provider websites, specifically, are deemed to be more adeptly serving the news searchers as it is more accessible in the modern age. Also, due to a more globalized world, news is now regionalized and integrated covers are available in these internet sites. However, there are underlying considerations as to how effective a socio-cultural website given its content, timeliness, design and format. This review is an evaluation of the Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty (RFERL) in Central Asia website; an internet news provider which tackles socio-cultural issues from different parts of Central Asia. The website Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty is a form of free media which covers up-to-date news in several regions of the world. It contains news feeds from different countries. Although common news-providers such as those in broadcast television or print includes a variety of sections such as the top news, weather, science, technology, entertainment, lifestyle, etc, this website focus solely on the top socio-cultural stories. These Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty stories are a variety of news and features in social/cultural issues, and international/domestic politics. In the Central Asia section of the website, being the section evaluated in this review, the countries covered are Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. All of which contribute to this integrated news website with a variety and up-to-date content. The website’s content can be viewed as somehow very elaborate as different links and sections are made available within the webpage. The most important website links in the page is the navigation bars (subdivided into the standard navigation and the countries navigation bars) which contains an easy-access to all the other parts of the website aside from the Central Asia Region news feed alone. Also, the ten most recent news and features are presented within the webpage in a very neat layout, containing the title of the article, a brief summary, and an image related to the news. This is helpful as it becomes easier for the reader to scan and assess which articles he/she is interested in reading. Also another feature which is quite functional and helpful is the variety of available languages the articles can be read in. These are available at one section of the page which provides website links to pages which are written in the languages of English, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, and Uzbek. Furthermore, the website’s design conforms to news-provider pages standards. By and large, news feed website backgrounds are divided into sections and has a white background. The section divisions help the visitors to locate and identify what they are in search of. The white background, on the other hand, makes it easier for the readers to identify it as news articles as news is always associated in black text with a clean-colored background. This is true even in print such as magazines and newspapers. However, the articles posted in the webpage lack information needed to establish authorship’s credibility and timeliness. The news articles, although posted in summarized versions for viewers convenience, still needs to make the posting time available to make the summarized version more concrete. The readers need to know which time these summarized articles are posted so as not to misconceive it as outdated news or insignificant as of the current time. Also, authorship is very important as it raises the credibility of the article. As a socio-cultural website, Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty in Central Asia conforms to news feeding website standards in the quality of the content and design of the website. Also, features made available such as language translation and RSS Feed (a feature which makes it possible for readers to get news in a manner most convenient to them) are highly useful and functional. Succinctly, even if there are insufficiency in providing some information, such as time and author, required in news-providing mediums, the website, still, is successful in providing up-to-date socio-cultural news in Central Asia. Reference News and Features from Central Asia. Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty (2009) February 10, 2009 from http://www. rferl. org/section/Central+Asia/172. html.

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The Effects of Concussions on the NFL For many years the NFL has been considered one of the most painful and dangerous sport played in the United States. But is it too Dangerous? The uprising number of concussions is shocking. NFL analysts survives suggest a 14 percent increase of concussions for the year 2013. Player safety rules have also been implemented into the official rule book. The three main effects that concussions have on the NFL today are big hits, big plays, and the defensive game played today. The NFL is known for its gruesome de-cleating hits on players, but the rising number of concussions has stripped players from being able to make these types of plays anymore! After the 2011 lawsuit, the NFL realized that new player safety rules had to be enforced into the NFL rule book. Rules such as no crown on crown to the helmet outside the tackle box have taken away the element of â€Å"big hits† in a football game. 1Redskin’s safety Brandon Meriwether was fined $42,000 for a helmet to helmet hit on Packer’s running back Eddie Lacey. Thank God for technology, because back in the 40’s they played football with leather a helmet. Also the NFL stated a new rule that each NFL team has to have a neurologist placed on the sideline for every official game. Jet’s player Jeremy Kerley suffered from a mind boggling week one injury. Kerley passed the mandatory concussion evaluation and soon after returns to the team. Suddenly, the following same day Jeremy was diagnosed with a concussion. I agree with the saying taking one the team, but playing with a concussion is like playing with fire. Some big hitters in the NFL are viewed as dirty players because of their bone crushing tackles. A lot of coaches like to blame big hits for the fact of... ...grams such as bigger, faster and stronger, there is no way that we can stop concussions from happening. I still watch and love football today but some part of me doesn’t think the defensive game is the same merely because of concussions. Although I think football should still be played in today society, a lot of people are viewing the game differently because of concussions. I disagree with hurting players, but some of the calls made this year dealing with tackling have made my mouth drop several times. Concussions effects on big hits, big plays, and defensive game style have changed the NFL for the worse. I understand that refs have to make what they see right calls, but in many cases players perform perfect technique and still get penalized. Although the NFL game is played at a high level, I believe concussions have taken some of the intensity away from players.

African Psychology :: essays research papers

Black Consciousness has been defined as an attitude of the mind and a way of life. Therefore, the purpose of teaching Black Consciousness was to conquer feelings of black inferiority and replace it with a new solid social identity which encouraged black pride and independence from white oppression. Africans should reject the myths from which Apartheid was conceived, where blacks were depicted as inferior, savage, simple and having a primitive culture which needed to be modernized. Rather blacks should believe in their true identity of being survivors with the utmost human dignity. Black people needed to become aware of their collective power both economically and politically. People of African descent must create their own value system, where they were self-defined not defined by white superiors. Therefore Black Consciousness’ main belief was, that racial domination had become internalized, thus causing low self-esteem, which in turn allowed room for political disunity and encouraged a dependence on white leadership. The philosophy of Black Consciousness was to break this set of attitudes and form a new belief in black self-reliance and dignity. It was only when this was achieved could black the man truly be liberated both physically and mentally. The Black Consciousness philosophy was an agenda for ideological realignment and political revitalization, which could rebuild and recondition the mind of the oppressed. This ideology brought a new sophistication and insight into the analysis of African psychology. An important psychological shift advocated by the Black Conscious Movement was the redefinition of blackness. No longer would Africans accept the negative label of ‘non-white’, they refused to be regarded as non-persons but demanded to be called positively as black. This definition of ‘black’ was not race or class exclusive rather it sought to incorporate all people who were discriminated against and denied access to white privileges under the oppressive apartheid regime. The definition of blackness is actually somewhat complex, the path to understanding it leads to certain directions. First off, that being black was a mental attitude, not just a matter of skin pigmentation. Secondly, by merely acknowledging that one is black already sets oneself along the road of emancipation. Another strong belief of the African Psychologists, of the was his rejection of Euro-American methods of measuring the intelligence and behavior of Black People. Psychologists believe that blacks needed to be self-reliant. They needed to do things for themselves, by themselves, instead of relying on the Euro-American or Western psychologists as the standards or absolutes. African Psychology :: essays research papers Black Consciousness has been defined as an attitude of the mind and a way of life. Therefore, the purpose of teaching Black Consciousness was to conquer feelings of black inferiority and replace it with a new solid social identity which encouraged black pride and independence from white oppression. Africans should reject the myths from which Apartheid was conceived, where blacks were depicted as inferior, savage, simple and having a primitive culture which needed to be modernized. Rather blacks should believe in their true identity of being survivors with the utmost human dignity. Black people needed to become aware of their collective power both economically and politically. People of African descent must create their own value system, where they were self-defined not defined by white superiors. Therefore Black Consciousness’ main belief was, that racial domination had become internalized, thus causing low self-esteem, which in turn allowed room for political disunity and encouraged a dependence on white leadership. The philosophy of Black Consciousness was to break this set of attitudes and form a new belief in black self-reliance and dignity. It was only when this was achieved could black the man truly be liberated both physically and mentally. The Black Consciousness philosophy was an agenda for ideological realignment and political revitalization, which could rebuild and recondition the mind of the oppressed. This ideology brought a new sophistication and insight into the analysis of African psychology. An important psychological shift advocated by the Black Conscious Movement was the redefinition of blackness. No longer would Africans accept the negative label of ‘non-white’, they refused to be regarded as non-persons but demanded to be called positively as black. This definition of ‘black’ was not race or class exclusive rather it sought to incorporate all people who were discriminated against and denied access to white privileges under the oppressive apartheid regime. The definition of blackness is actually somewhat complex, the path to understanding it leads to certain directions. First off, that being black was a mental attitude, not just a matter of skin pigmentation. Secondly, by merely acknowledging that one is black already sets oneself along the road of emancipation. Another strong belief of the African Psychologists, of the was his rejection of Euro-American methods of measuring the intelligence and behavior of Black People. Psychologists believe that blacks needed to be self-reliant. They needed to do things for themselves, by themselves, instead of relying on the Euro-American or Western psychologists as the standards or absolutes.

Narrative Structure and Narrative Function From Movies The English Patient Essay

Plot is series of events, usually presented in chronological or causal order. That’s a plot, a sequence of events. Story would be a narrative connection between all these events. That’s what’s missing. The film opens with an introduction to Hana, a young nurse. She lives in an abandoned villa, the Villa San Girolamo, that is filled with hidden, undetonated bombs. In her care is the English Patient. All that she knows about the patient is that he was burned beyond recognition in a plane crash before being taken to the hospital by a Bedouin tribe and that he claims to be English. The only possession that the Patient came with was a copy of Herodotus’ histories that he carried through the fire. He has annotated these histories and, in a sense, become a part of them. He is constantly remembering his explorations in the desert in great detail, but cannot state his own name. The Patient is, in fact, Là ¡szlà ³ de Almà ¡sy, a Hungarian desert explorer. He, however, chose to erase his identity and nationality. It is unknown whether this was for protection or as a metaphorical statement. Prompted to tell his story, the Patient begins to reveal all. He had an affair with Geoffrey Clifton’s wife, Katharine. They both accompanied the patient’s desert exploration team. The Patient’s job was to draw maps of the desert and The Cliftons’ plane made this job much easier. One of their earlier discoveries was the â€Å"cave of swimmers†. Almà ¡sy fell in love with Katherine Clifton one night as she read from Herodotus’ histories aloud around a campfire. They soon began a very intense affair, but in 1938, Katharine cut it off, claiming that Geoffrey would go mad if he discovered them. Geoffrey, however, does find out of the affair when he tricks her into thinking he’s out of town for the day (wanting to surprise her for their first wedding anniversary) and sees Katherine getting into a car. When World War II broke out in 1939, the members of the exploration team decided to pack up base camp and Geoffrey Clifton offered to pick up Almà ¡sy in his plane. However, Geoffrey Clifton arrived with Katharine and tried to kill all three of them by crashing the plane, leaving Almà ¡sy in the desert to die. Geoffrey Clifton was immediately killed. Katharine was also horribly injured. Almà ¡sy took her to â€Å"the cave of swimmers† and covered her with a parachute so he could leave to find help. After four days, he reached a town, but the British were suspicious of him because he had a foreign sounding last name. They locked him up as a spy. When Almà ¡sy finally gets away, he knew it was too late to save Katharine so he joined the Germans, helping their spies cross the desert into Cairo in exchange for gas and a car to get back to Katherine. After leaving Cairo, his car broke down in the desert. He went to the cave of swimmers to find Katharine. He retrieved her body and took it to the crashed plane which had been buried under the sand. He tried to fly back to civilization, but the plane malfunctioned during flight. Almà ¡sy parachuted down covered in flames which was where the Bedouins found him. Caravaggio, who had had suspicions that the Patient was not English, fills in details. Geoffrey Clifton was, in fact, an English spy and had intelligence about Almà ¡sy’s affair with Katharine. He also had intelligence that Almà ¡sy was already working with the Germans but whether he was or not is unclear. The film also focuses on Kip. Kip’s brother had always distrusted the West, but Kip entered the British Army willingly. He was trained as a sapper by Lord Suffolk, an English gentleman, who welcomed Kip into his family. Under Lord Suffolk’s training, Kip became very skilled at his job. When Lord Suffolk and his team get blown up by a bomb, Kip becomes separated from the world and emotionally removed from everyone. He decides to leave England and begin defusing bombs in Italy. Kip forms a romantic relationship with Hana and uses it to reconnect to humanity. He becomes a part of a community again and begins to feel comfortable as a lover. Then he hears news of the atomic bomb being dropped on Japan. He becomes enraged. He feels deceived and betrayed by this western world that he has tried to assimilate to. He threatens to kill the English Patient, but instead just leaves the Villa. For some time after their separation Hana wrote Kip letters, but he never responded. She eventually stopped. Years later Kip is happily married with children and is a successful doctor; however, he still often thinks of Hana. The film is set during World War II and depicts a critically burned man, at first known only as ‘the English patient’, who is being looked after by Hana, a French-Canadian nurse in a ruined Italian monastery. The patient is suffering from amnesia, but through a series of flashbacks he is gradually able to rediscover his past. It is slowly revealed that he is in fact a Hungarian geographer, Count Là ¡szlà ³ de Almà ¡sy, who was making a map of the Sahara Desert, and whose affair with a married woman ultimately brought about his present situation. As the patient remembers more, David Caravaggio, a Canadian thief, arrives at the monastery. Caravaggio lost his thumbs while being interrogated by officers of the German Africa Corps, and he gradually reveals that it was the patient’s actions that had brought about his torture. In addition to the patient’s story, the film devotes time to Hana and her romance with Kip, an Indian sapper in the British Army. Due to various events in her past, Hana believes that anyone who comes close to her is likely to die, and Kip’s position as a bomb defuser makes their romance full of tension. Narrator Function: The narrator is omniscient, and conveys the points of view of several different characters. The narrator is capable of knowing, seeing, and telling whatever he or she wishes. It is characterized by freedom in shifting from the exterior world to the inner selves of a number of characters and a freedom and movement in both time and place but to and event greater extent characterize it by the freedom of the narrator to comment on the meaning of actions.    Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_English_Patient A Hand Book to Litrature by C. Hugh Holman, William Harmon